UK Training Pathway for Clinical Oncologists
- January 17, 2022
The NHS specialty training programme for clinical oncologists is recognised around the world. The quality and depth of oncology training and career development in the UK is recognised as a gold standard across the globe, making it a major attraction for many IMGs when considering a career in the UK.
The NHS training programme for oncology trainees is regularly reviewed and updated, in keeping with advances and progression in the landscape of oncology around the world and throughout the profession.
In this article, we will explore the training pathway for clinical oncologists in the UK, covering the following topics:
- What is the NHS Training Pathway?
- How do you enter the training pathway?
- What does the specialty training programme look like for clinical oncology?
- What happens after completing the clinical oncology training programme?
- Can I enter specialty training in the UK as an IMG?
Skip ahead to the relevant section if you know what you’re looking for.
The NHS Training Pathway for Clinical Oncologists
The NHS training pathway refers to the complete programme undertaken by UK trainees, from medical school to the completion of specialist training and being awarded a CCT.
It is a good idea for overseas trainees to familiarise themselves with this as it helps to provide an understanding of at what stage they can most likely enter the system, either in a training or non-training post.
Entering the NHS Training Pathway
After graduating from medical school, doctors receive provisional GMC registration, allowing them to enter the Foundation programme (a two-year work-based training programme).
Upon completion of the first year of this programme (FY1), doctors will gain full GMC registration with license to practice and will be able to apply for further study and training in a specialised area i.e. medicine. This is known as Internal Medicine Training (IMT), formerly known as Core Training (CT).
Specialty Training in Clinical Oncology
The Specialty Training programme in Clinical Oncology runs over a 6-year period, and doctors will usually take the indicated time, or slightly longer to complete the Specialty Training programme.
Successful applicants entering into year one of specialty training (ST1), will follow the Royal College of Radiologists’ 2021 Clinical Oncology Specialty Training Curriculum, which sets the expected syllabus as well as required assessments and workload case numbers.
Clinical oncology training as an uncoupled programme
Clinical oncology specialty training begins at ST3, so after foundation training, there are two options open to trainees before they can start specialist clinical oncology training:
- Internal Medical Training (IMT)
- Acute Care Common Stem (ACCS)
For IMT, this is a two-year training period and the ACCS training programme lasts 3 years.
Both pathways are followed by an open competition to enter a higher specialty training post. It is important to note that the application following core training is competitive and does not guarantee a specialty training post.
Clinical oncology higher specialty training is indicatively a five-year clinical training programme (including Oncology Common Stem), leading to single accreditation in clinical oncology.
There are a few critical progression points during higher specialty training in clinical oncology, and trainees will also be subject to an annual review of progress via the ARCP process. They will have to complete all the curriculum requirements including passing the MRCP and FRCR (Oncology) exams prior to obtaining CCT.
Foundation Training (FY1 – FY2)
The foundation programme usually involves six different rotations or placements in medical or surgical specialties. These rotations enable trainees to practise and gain competence in basic clinical skills and forms the bridge between medical school and speciality training.
This first year of Foundation Training (or FY1) is referred to as an internship. For IMGs applying for GMC registration, it is essential you can meet the requirements for an internship.
Selection
Here, trainees will either choose to either Internal Medicine Training (IMT), Acute Care Common Stem training (ACCS), or training to become a general practitioner (GP Training).
Specialty Training (ST1 – ST7)
Internal Medicine Stage 1 Training (ST1 – ST2)
Year one trainees begin at ST1 of the Internal Medicine Training Programme. In this first stage, trainees develop a solid foundation of professional and generic clinical capabilities, preparing them for participation in acute medicine at a senior level and to manage patients with acute and chronic medical problems in outpatient and inpatient settings. The curriculum for IMT Stage 1 Training can be found here.
The two-year training period culminates in trainees sitting the MRCP (UK) exams. For more information on the Royal College of Physicians examination suite, take a look at our IMG Resources library here.
Please note, trainees must have gained full MRCP prior to beginning Specialty Training in Oncology.
Selection
Here, trainees will either choose to continue with Internal Medicine Training for a further year, to continue with training in a specialty that supports acute hospital care, or to provide primarily out-patient based services in e.g. oncology.
Clinical oncology recruitment into ST3 posts usually occurs after 2 years of Internal Medicine Stage 1 training. However, trainees who complete the full three-year IMT programme are also eligible and there is no preferential selection for trainees who have completed either two or three years of training.
Oncology Common Stem (ST3)
The Oncology Common Stem (OCS) has a duration of one year and usually takes place in year 3 of specialty training (ST3). Here, the focus is on a trainee’s development of generic capabilities-in-practice (CiPs) expected of all doctors, as well as the common CiPs relating to the key areas of overlap between medical and clinical oncology.
Clinical Oncology and Medical Oncology are the two main medical specialities that manage patients with non-haematological malignancy. They often work in partnership with each other, and both offer systemic therapy to patients, but only clinical oncologists administer radiotherapy and there are other differences in work-pattern, approach and focus.
During OCS training, trainees will gain knowledge of radiotherapy planning and delivery. This will enable them to coordinate the care of cancer patients with the wider multidisciplinary team (MDT), managing patients throughout a treatment pathway.
The new curricular structure of the OCS means that trainees who successfully complete the training year will have gained the necessary competencies to progress to ST4 in either clinical or medical oncology.
For oncologists wishing to pursue clinical oncology, the first exam in the Fellowship of the Royal College of Radiologists assessment series, First FRCR (Oncology) (Part 1/ CO1), must be passed by the end of ST4.
Candidates do not need to have held a clinical oncology training post to attempt the exam however, so candidates are eligible to sit the exam during ST3.
Click here to learn more about the full FRCR (Oncology) examination suite.
Clinical Oncology Specialty Training & Maintenance of Common Capabilities (ST4 – ST7)
Once trainees have completed the OCS, they will then move onto a subsequent higher specialty-specific programme of their choice I.e. clinical oncology. This programme lasts for four years and takes place from ST4 to ST7, the focus here being to acquire clinical oncology specific CiPs, culminating in trainees’ achievement of Fellowship of the Royal College of Radiologists (FRCR Oncology).
The higher specialty-specific programme for clinical oncologists is administered by the Royal College of Radiologists, so the Medical Oncology SCE is not a requirement for clinical oncologists.
Trainees will then sit the Final FRCR (Oncology) Part 2A and 2B exams (CO2A and CO2B), usually from ST6 to ST7. This is to assess their knowledge and skills related to the investigation of malignant disease and the care and management of patients with cancer.
Completion of the Clinical Oncology Specialty Training Programme
Upon completion of the clinical oncology training programme, the choice is made as to whether the trainee will be awarded a Certificate of Completion of Training (CCT) in Clinical Oncology. This will be based on high-level learning outcomes – capabilities in practice (CiPs) set out in the curriculum by the Royal College. You can find the 2021 curriculum here.
At this point, clinical oncologists are recommended to the GMC for the award of CCT and entry onto the specialist register for clinical oncology and can now take permanent consultant posts in the NHS.
Specialist Registration for overseas doctors
Doctors who completed part or all of their clinical or radiation oncology training outside of the UK are eligible for specialist registration through the CESR or CESR-CP pathways. To learn more about specialist registration for overseas doctors, read our blog here.
Joining the Clinical Oncology Specialty Training Programme as an IMG
It is possible for overseas doctors to join the Specialty Training programme in Clinical Oncology in the UK, however it is very competitive.
IMGs interested in UK specialty training must have:
- Full GMC registration
- Completion of a minimum 12-month (FY1 equivalent) internship
- English language test
- PLAB or a recognised European Medical Degree
AND
- 12 months post-internship experience by the time you start begin ST1
Please note, whilst UK trainees are not given priority for specialty training spaces, it can be extremely difficult to join the Specialty Training programme if you do not have previous NHS experience.
So there you have it, the NHS Specialty Training pathway for clinical oncology trainees. The training programme forms the basis of clinical oncology training in the UK, and for overseas clinical or radiation oncologists interested in joining the training programme, good knowledge of the pathway allows you to better understand the alignment of your overseas training with the relevant stage of Specialty Training for clinical oncology in the UK.
Join the IMG Oncologists Facebook group for access to a community of like-minded oncologists and dedicated oncology recruiters.
In this group you will find tailored resources for oncology IMGs, including access to our FRCR (Oncology) crash courses, completely free to all doctors.
You can access our IMG Oncologists community here.
For regular news and updates on the Royal College and all things oncology, follow IMG Connect on social media using the links below:
Relevant Jobs
An NHS hospital in London is looking for a Locum Consultant in Medical Oncology with an interest in GI and Lung malignancies. The Oncology department comprises a team of 16 Consultant Oncologists and is supported by a multidisciplinary team of nurses, pharmacists, and radiographers. This Medical Oncology job is open to both international applications and UK-based doctors, though those with European Specialist registration or MRCP qualifications are most encouraged to apply.
Anyone requiring portfolio support (formally known as CESR) can have their required support discussed on a case-by-case basis.
JOB REQUIREMENTS AND DETAILS
Applicants should have full GMC registration, MRCP (or equivalent), and substantial experience in Medical Oncology. Interest in Lung and GI malignancies is essential. The salary will be between £105,504- £139,882 dependent on experience.
CORE DUTIES OF THIS ROLE
- Provide specialist care for Breast and Lower GI cancer patients, including outpatient and radiotherapy services.
- Actively participate in multidisciplinary team meetings for Lung and GI malignancies.
- Engage in research, clinical audits, and teaching activities to support professional development.
- Contribute to the Acute Oncology Service (AOS) and provide clinical supervision for junior medical staff.
LIFE IN LONDON
London offers a dynamic and diverse environment with a mix of bustling urban areas and quieter suburban neighborhoods. It provides access to world-class educational institutions, excellent transport links, and a wide range of cultural, leisure, and historical attractions. London’s rich history and multicultural vibrancy make it an ideal location for both professional development and personal fulfillment.
HOW WILL IMG CONNECT SUPPORT YOU?
When applying with IMG Connect, you’ll have the full support of an expert recruitment team who will be your recruitment and relocation partners throughout the process. We\'ll support you with:
- CV preparation with a bespoke session with one of our specialists.
- Application support with expert knowledge of NHS specialisms and recruitment practices.
- At least two video-calling interview preparation sessions.
- Contract and offer negotiations for salary, relocation packages, tenure, and more.
Once you have accepted your new role, you’ll then be supported and guided throughout by one of our dedicated relocation executives, including:
- Document gathering and checking.
- COS and visa application support if applicable.
- Assistance with sourcing short- and long-term accommodation.
- Travel arrangements.
- Family support for finding schools and other aspects of pastoral care.
An NHS hospital in the Midlands is looking for a Consultant Medical Oncologist with an interest in Breast and Colorectal cancers. The Oncology department comprises a team of 2 Medical Oncologists and 10 Clinical Oncologists and is supported by a large team of middle-grade doctors. This Oncology job is open to both international applications and UK-based doctors, though those with European Specialist registration or MRCP/FRCR qualifications are most encouraged to apply.
Anyone requiring portfolio support (formally known as CESR) can have their required support discussed on a case-by-case basis.
JOB REQUIREMENTS AND DETAILS
Applicants should have full GMC registration, MRCP and FRCR (or equivalent), and substantial experience in Medical Oncology. Interest in Breast and Colorectal cancers is essential. The salary will be between £105,504 - £139,882, dependent on experience.
CORE DUTIES OF THIS ROLE
- Provide comprehensive oncological care, including management of Breast and Colorectal cancer patients.
- Attend and actively participate in relevant multidisciplinary team meetings.
- Engage in clinical audits, teaching, and research initiatives.
- Participate in the on-call rota and provide clinical supervision for junior medical staff.
LIFE IN THE MIDLANDS
The Midlands offers a mix of vibrant urban areas and picturesque rural settings. The region provides excellent schools, efficient transport links to major UK cities, and an array of leisure activities including cultural events, historical sites, and opportunities for outdoor adventures. The Midlands\' rich industrial and cultural heritage adds to its appeal, making it an excellent place to live and work.
HOW WILL IMG CONNECT SUPPORT YOU?
When applying with IMG Connect, you’ll have the full support of an expert recruitment team who will be your recruitment and relocation partners throughout the process. We\'ll support you with:
- CV preparation with a bespoke session with one of our specialists.
- Application support with expert knowledge of NHS specialisms and recruitment practices.
- At least two video-calling interview preparation sessions.
- Contract and offer negotiations for salary, relocation packages, tenure, and more.
Once you have accepted your new role, you’ll then be supported and guided throughout by one of our dedicated relocation executives, including:
- Document gathering and checking.
- COS and visa application support if applicable.
- Assistance with sourcing short- and long-term accommodation.
- Travel arrangements.
- Family support for finding schools and other aspects of pastoral care.
An NHS hospital in Wales is looking for a Consultant in Clinical Oncology with an interest in Breast and Gynaecological cancers. The Oncology department comprises a team of consultant and is supported by a large team of specialty doctors and registrars. This Clinical Oncology job is open to both international applications and UK-based doctors, though those with European Specialist registration or FRCR/MRCP are most encouraged to apply.
Anyone requiring portfolio support (formally known as CESR) can have their required support discussed on a case-by-case basis.
JOB REQUIREMENTS AND DETAILS
Applicants should have full GMC registration, FRCR/MRCP (or equivalent), and substantial experience in Clinical Oncology. Interest in Breast and Gynaecological cancers is essential. The salary will be between £105,504- £139,882 dependent on experience.
CORE DUTIES OF THIS ROLE
- Provide comprehensive oncological care, including outpatient and inpatient management of Breast and Gynaecological cancer patients.
- Attend and actively participate in relevant multidisciplinary team meetings.
- Contribute to clinical audits, teaching, and research initiatives.
- Participate in the on-call rota and provide clinical supervision for junior medical staff.
LIFE IN WALES
Wales is renowned for its stunning landscapes, from the dramatic peaks of Snowdonia to its serene coastline. Urban living can be enjoyed in bustling towns, while rural options offer peace and natural beauty in the countryside. The area provides excellent schools, reliable transport links to major UK cities, and a wealth of leisure opportunities, including outdoor pursuits, cultural festivals, and historical landmarks. Wales’ rich cultural heritage and medieval history make it a unique and rewarding place to live and work.
HOW WILL IMG CONNECT SUPPORT YOU?
When applying with IMG Connect, you’ll have the full support of an expert recruitment team who will be your recruitment and relocation partners throughout the process. We\'ll support you with:
- CV preparation with a bespoke session with one of our specialists.
- Application support with expert knowledge of NHS specialisms and recruitment practices.
- At least two video-calling interview preparation sessions.
- Contract and offer negotiations for salary, relocation packages, tenure, and more.
Once you have accepted your new role, you’ll then be supported and guided throughout by one of our dedicated relocation executives, including:
- Document gathering and checking.
- COS and visa application support if applicable.
- Assistance with sourcing short- and long-term accommodation.
- Travel arrangements.
- Family support for finding schools and other aspects of pastoral care.
An NHS hospital in the East of England is looking for a Fixed-Term Consultant in Clinical Oncology with an interest in Breast. The Oncology department comprises a team of 11 Clinical Oncologists and 4 Medical Oncologists, supported by specialty doctors and trainees. This role is open to both international and UK-based doctors, though those with European Specialist registration or FRCR are most encouraged to apply.
Anyone requiring portfolio support (formally known as CESR) can have their required support discussed on a case-by-case basis.
JOB REQUIREMENTS AND DETAILS
Applicants should have full GMC registration and significant experience in clinical oncology. Interest in Breast is essential. The salary will be between £105,504- £139,882 dependent on experience.
CORE DUTIES OF THIS ROLE
- Provide comprehensive service for oncology management, particularly for Breast tumour sites, attending MDTs as needed.
- Participate in a consultant rota for emergency duties and reciprocal cover during absences.
- Engage in teaching, research, and audit activities within the Oncology department.
- Undertake clinical supervision for junior doctors and trainees as required.
LIFE IN THE EAST OF ENGLAND
The hospital is based in a historic city known for its rich cultural heritage and picturesque architecture. Residents can choose between vibrant urban living or a peaceful rural lifestyle in nearby charming villages. The region offers excellent schools, convenient transport links, and a variety of leisure activities, including cultural events, outdoor pursuits, and family-friendly attractions. Historically, the area has played a significant role in British agriculture and is celebrated for its contributions during World War II.
HOW WILL IMG CONNECT SUPPORT YOU?
When applying with IMG Connect, you’ll have the full support of an expert recruitment team who will be your recruitment and relocation partners throughout the process. We\'ll support you with:
- CV preparation with a bespoke session with one of our specialists
- Application support with expert knowledge of NHS specialisms & recruitment practice
- At least two video-calling interview preparation sessions
- Contract and offer negotiations for salary, relocation packages, tenure, and more
Once you have accepted your new role, you’ll then be supported and led throughout by one of our dedicated relocation executives who will guide you through all the way to starting your new role including:
- Document gathering and checking
- COS and Visa Application support if applicable
- Support sourcing short- and long-term accommodation
- Travel arrangements
- Family support for finding schools and any other aspects of pastoral care
An NHS hospital in the East Midlands is looking for a Locum Consultant in Clinical Oncology with an interest in Gynaecological and Skin cancers. The Oncology department comprises a team of 24 consultants and is supported by a large team of specialist doctors and registrars. This Clinical Oncology job is open to both international applications and UK-based doctors, though those with European Specialist qualifications or FRCR/MRCP are most encouraged to apply.
Anyone requiring portfolio support (formally known as CESR) can have their required support discussed on a case-by-case basis.
JOB REQUIREMENTS AND DETAILS
Full GMC registration, FRCR/MRCP (or equivalent), and oncology experience at SpR or equivalent level are required for this role. Anyone with an interest in Gynaecological and Skin cancers should apply. The salary will be between dependent on experience or grade.
CORE DUTIES OF THIS ROLE
- Provide high-quality oncology services, including radiotherapy and systemic therapies, for Head and Neck and Skin cancers.
- Participate in multidisciplinary team meetings and clinical governance activities.
- Engage in clinical trials and contribute to research initiatives.
- Supervise and mentor junior medical staff and participate in teaching programmes.
LIFE IN THE EAST MIDLANDS
The East Midlands offers a mix of urban living in thriving cities and serene rural landscapes in the surrounding counties. Urban living can be enjoyed in bustling towns and cities, while rural options include charming villages and countryside retreats. The region has excellent schools, efficient transport links to London and the North, and diverse leisure opportunities including cultural festivals, historical landmarks, and outdoor activities. Its rich history and cultural diversity make it a highly desirable place to live and work.
HOW WILL IMG CONNECT SUPPORT YOU?*
When applying with IMG Connect, you’ll have the full support of an expert recruitment team who will be your recruitment and relocation partners throughout the process. We\'ll support you with:
- CV preparation with a bespoke session with one of our specialists.
- Application support with expert knowledge of NHS specialisms and recruitment practices.
- At least two video-calling interview preparation sessions.
- Contract and offer negotiations for salary, relocation packages, tenure, and more.
Once you have accepted your new role, you’ll then be supported and guided throughout by one of our dedicated relocation executives, including:
- Document gathering and checking.
- COS and visa application support if applicable.
- Assistance with sourcing short- and long-term accommodation.
- Travel arrangements.
- Family support for finding schools and other aspects of pastoral care.