FRCR Part 2A and Part 2B are the final exams in the FRCR qualification.
Completion of all three parts of the Fellowship of the Royal College of Radiologists (FRCR) qualification results in eligibility for GMC registration, once the English language component has also been met.
The FRCR examinations are key to an international oncologist being able to secure senior oncology jobs in the NHS and can be taken by IMGs from any country, provided certain eligibility criteria have been met.
In this article, we take a closer look at the following - skip to one of these sections if you know what you're looking for:
An overview of FRCR (oncology)
What are FRCR (oncology) Parts 2A and 2B?
Am I eligible to sit these exams?
How are the exams structured and marked?
As an international oncologist, where can I sit the exams?
How much will the exams cost?
How do I apply for these exams?
What is the best way to prepare for the exams?
I’ve passed the FRCR oncology exams, what’s next?
FRCR oncology, consultant posts and CESR
An overview of FRCR (Oncology)
FRCR (Oncology) are the set of three postgraduate examinations administered by the Royal College of Radiologists to test candidates’ knowledge and clinical understanding within the scope of the Specialty Training Curriculum for Clinical Oncology.
The exams are as follows:
FRCR Part 1 – CO1
FRCR Part 2A - CO2A
FRCR Part 2B – CO2B
You can read an overview of the full FRCR (Oncology) examination suite here via our IMG Resources section.
Please note that only full FRCR satisfies the postgraduate requirements for overseas doctors.
Alternative routes to GMC registration include PLAB or other recognised GMC qualifications or licensing exams, such as UMSLE or FRANZCR (radiation oncology) which you can find out more about here.
For doctors who are interested in securing senior roles in the NHS which are reflective of their current practice or grade, we advise that FRCR is the best route to take to GMC registration. FRCR is often a requirement of NHS job postings where candidates are not already on the Specialist Register for Clinical Oncology, so this route allows candidates to better align their qualifications with the specifications of relevant jobs.
What are FRCR (Oncology) Parts 2A and 2B?
FRCR Part 2A and 2B form the final two parts of the FRCR examination suite. These assessments expect candidates to have a wide knowledge of subjects related to the investigation of malignant disease and the care of patients with cancer. Whilst the focus is on drug therapy and radiotherapy, there is also the expectation of a good understanding of other key areas such as general medicine, surgery and gynaecology.
Am I eligible to sit these exams?
Eligibility for FRCR Parts 2A and 2B are as follows:
Final FRCR Part A (CO2A):
Passed the first FRCR examination (CO1)
Acquired at least 24 months of training in a clinical oncology role by the date of the examination
Final FRCR Part B (CO2B):
Passed the first FRCR examination (CO1)
Passed the Final FRCR examination Part A (CO2A)
Acquired at least 36 months of training in a clinical oncology role by the date of the examination
How are the exams structured and marked?
All parts of the examination suite are assessed against the specialty training curriculum for clinical oncology and the clinical oncology syllabus. A new curriculum has been implemented as of summer 2021, and all trainees are expected to have transferred to this curriculum by August 2022. Further information on this can be accessed on the curriculum webpages.
Final FRCR Part A (CO2A):
This exam comprises two papers which include 120-question single best answer (SBA) questions each. The time limit for the exam is three hours and ordinarily, candidates are not allowed more than six attempts at FRCR exams.
CO2A Paper 1
Tumour Type
Number of Questions
Respiratory
24
Urology
24
Head and neck
24
Skin
12
CNS
12
Gynaecology
24
CO2A Paper 2
Tumour Type
Number of Questions
Breast
24
Lower GI
24
Upper GI
12
Haematology
12
Miscellaneous*
38
Image-based
10
*The miscellaneous section will contain questions on sarcoma, thyroid cancer, unknown primary, palliative care, regulations, and a few questions which do not belong to any define site specific category.
Each individual SBA question has a stem (a question or statement) and five answers, and candidates must decide which of the five best represents the answer to the stem question. Essentially, this is a multiple-choice exam. One mark is given for each correct answer and zero marks for incorrect answers. As the exam is not marked negatively, candidates are encouraged to provide an answer all the questions.
Final FRCR Part B (CO2B):
This exam has two components (clinical and oral) which are designed to test different aspects of the candidate’s oncological skills, necessary elements for effective and safe practice. The format allows the for the assessment of skills which are not as easily addressed in a written format.
CO2B Clinical Examination:
This component is practical and involves the use of real patients to increase authenticity in attempts to reflect situations that may present in a clinical setting. The cases are selected for the exam to test common tumour types. The examination itself has five strictly-timed clinical assessment ‘stations’ where certain core clinical skills are tested by a pair of examiners. The use of an objective marking system aims to minimise bias and ensure consistency across examinations for all candidates.
Candidates are assessed on their ability to:
Detect important clinical signs using effective exam techniques
Provide a rational differential diagnosis
Order and interpret appropriate investigations
Identify the main treatment options
Select and appropriate, safe, and sensible management plan
Recommend a safe radiotherapy technique, know the likely outcomes, and side effects
Recommend a safe systemic treatment schedule and know their likely outcomes and side effects
Discuss a likely prognosis in the case presented
Demonstrate an ability to treat the patient sensitively, ensuring their comfort and dignity
CO2B Oral Examination:
This examination assesses in depth issues related to radiotherapy planning, diagnostic imaging and clinical decision-making, and case management. Communication skills and ethical problems are also addressed.
This element of the FRCR Part 2B exam is designed to mirror day-to-day clinical discussions and MDT meetings which feature heavily in the workload of an oncologist. This section is designed to test the depth of a candidate’s knowledge and higher cognitive skills. There are several slides per question and a candidate’s answer may lead to further questions on subsequent slides, with each question building on from the previous ones.
The Royal College of Radiologists states that a fair, valid and reliable assessment is made possible due to:
Uniformity in the questions asked to candidates
The pairing of examiners (junior and more experienced)
Four independent judgments of the candidate performance
Prior choosing of the competencies to be assessed
The exam having been blueprinted against the curriculum and necessary skills for competent oncologists
An objective marking scheme
For more information on the components and assessment of these examinations, read the Purpose of Assessment which can be found on the College’s website in the exam section.
As an international oncologist, where can I sit the exams?
The exams are held twice a year, normally in February and in either August or September. Applications are normally open for just under two weeks, several months before the exam. Please refer to the examinations page for up-to-date information on application dates.
The current UK venues for the exams are Belfast, Birmingham, Crewe, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Leeds, London, and Bridgend Wales. Overseas centres for now are India and Malta.
How much will the exams cost?
The cost breakdown for each of the final exams is as follows:
FRCR(Oncology) Part 2A:
Members - £464
Non-members - £591
FRCR (Oncology) Part 2B:
Members - £663
Non-members - £844
How do I apply for these exams?
UK trainees are given priority for examination places, followed by those who have had exams deferred over the last year due to cancellations. The remaining places are offered to all other candidates through a ballot system following the close of priority applications.
All candidates should apply for the exams through the Royal College website here. More detailed information can also be found here in relation to preparation for the application.
What is the best way to prepare for the exams?
There are many resources available online to aid in preparation for the FRCR Part 2A and 2B exams. We always recommend that the best place to start your preparation is the Royal College’s website, particularly with the Specialty Training Curriculum for Clinical Oncology and the Clinical Oncology syllabus.
Using this as a blueprint for your preparation is the best way to ensure your study is focused on the most relevant and useful information as prescribed directly from teaching materials. These can be accessed here.
Other useful resources to aid your studies include:
Learning hub: available to members through the Royal College website and contains many useful learning resources. The learning hub can be found here.
Clinical Oncology Curriculum Implementation Tools: a range of tools compiled by the RCR to support the implementation of the new curricular which all candidates should have transferred to by summer of 2022 at the latest. Access this here.
Sample Questions: sample oral questions for FRCR Part 2B. These are provided with answers and can be found here.
Examiners' Reports: a guide for candidates for future sittings, based on the experiences of examiners with previous applicants, found here.
Trainees' experiences: a two-part audio series compiled from the experiences of candidates in preparation for and sitting the final exams which is available here.
Demonstration films: clinical and oral demonstration videos for FRCR Part 2B which can be accessed here.
Royal College YouTube: several helpful videos which can be used for training and informational purposes on their YouTube channel.
IMG Oncologists
Join the IMG Oncologists Facebook group for access to a community of like-minded FRCR (Oncology) aspirants and dedicated oncology recruiters.
In this group you will find tailored resources for oncology IMGs, including access to our FRCR (Oncology) crash courses, completely free to all doctors.
You can access our IMG Oncologists community here.
I’ve passed the FRCR Oncology exams! What’s next?
Firstly, congratulations - passing these exams is a massive achievement! With all parts of the FRCR Oncology complete, you can now apply for full GMC registration with a license to practice. With this application approved, you can work as a doctor in the NHS. Nice one.
We hope this is helpful for any overseas doctors preparing to sit their Final FRCR exam and the team here at IMG Connect wish you the best of luck!
Don’t forget to share your progress and successes with us using the hashtag #imgstories on social media, we love to hear from you.
Overseas oncologists often ask us how to best prepare for the Final FRCR Part 1 and 2 exams. With so much online content geared towards UK clinical oncology trainees, it can be difficult to know what is best suited to you as an international candidate.
Here we have compiled some of the best advice and resources available to help overseas radiation oncologists prepare for their Royal College (RCR) exams. We’ll also address some of the changes to the exam, both the format, administration and availability of the exam in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.
In this article, we'll cover the following - skip to one of these sections if you know what you're looking for:
What are FRCR (Oncology) CO2A and CO2B?
How do I get started with my preparation?
What online resources are available?
How have the exams been affected by COVID-19?
Consultant posts and CESR
#IMG Tips
What are FRCR (Oncology) CO2A and CO2B?
As a quick reminder, Final FRCR (Oncology) are the final two exams in the FRCR (Oncology) examination suite. The full set, CO1, CO2A and CO2B are required by overseas clinical or radiation oncologists when applying for GMC registration through the postgraduate route.
For the final exams, candidates are expected to have a wide knowledge of subjects related to the care of patients with cancer and the investigation of malignant disease.
CO2A includes two written papers of 120 single best answer (SBA or multiple choice) questions.
CO2B has two components (clinical and oral) which are designed to test the oncological skills of the candidate which are relevant to safe and effective practice.
The clinical element is assessed in a mock clinical setting with real patients to increase authenticity.
The oral exam assesses clinical decision-making, radiotherapy planning, diagnostic imaging, and case management. It is made to mirror elements of a day-to-day clinical setting, including discussions and MDT meetings.
A full breakdown of the Final FRCR (oncology) Part 2A and 2B exams can be found on our website here.
How do I get started with my preparation?
After discussing with IMGs the best way to approach preparing for the Final FRCR (oncology) exams, most recommended beginning with the Royal College website and resources, which they have put together to aid in your preparation.
Curriculum: The FRCR (oncology) exam is based on the Specialty Training Curriculum for Clinical Oncology and the Clinical Oncology syllabus. As a rule of thumb, your revision should start here to ensure you are focusing on the exact material that will be in your exam. Knowing the curriculum is key and you can find these on the Royal College website here.
Helpful Royal College Resources include:
Learning hub: the learning hub is available to members and contains many useful learning resources. This can be found here.
Implementation tools: this is a range of tools which have been compiled by the College to support the new curricular which all students should have transferred to by August 2022 at the latest and can be accessed here.
Guidance: a guidance document from trainees who have already sat the exam, on behalf of the Oncology Registrars’ Forum, found here.
Sample questions: sample SBA and oral questions for FRCR CO2A and CO2B have been provided with answers on the RCR website, here for Part A and here for Part B.
Examiners’ reports: this is a collection of generic reports written by examiners on the overall performance of candidates and individual questions as a guide for applicants for future sittings. These are available here.
Trainees’ experiences: the two-part series has been compiled from the experiences of candidates in sitting their final exams, found here.
Demonstration films: demonstrations of both parts of FRCR Part 2, providing insight into both elements of the exam and what candidates can expect on the day. These are on the RCR website here.
Royal College YouTube: several helpful videos to be used for training and informational purposes on the RCR YouTube channel.
Other online resources
There are a couple of online courses which provide preparation for the exam, including mock exams and insight into exam technique. As with all courses, we advise that you register your interest as soon as possible to avoid disappointment as they are in very high demand.
Leeds – TMA Final FRCR Single Best Answer (SBA) Course - FRCR Part 2A
This is a four-day course aimed at clinical trainees who are preparing for their FRCR CO2A. The course offers daily mock SBA exams, question review with site specific experts, coverage of all tumour sites and a deep dive into exam technique.
The course is delivered live virtually, via Microsoft Teams.
Duration
4 days
Cost
TBC
Website
www.leedsth.nhs.uk/a-z-of-services/leeds-cancer-centre/education/events/
Oncopaedia – Cardiff FRCR Part 2 Course
This is a web-based revision course for the FRCR part 2. The course allows candidates to revise SBA questions by individual tumour site, timed mock exams (including a leader board), access to Cardiff Course teaching materials and lecture slides, focused tutorials and a user forum.
Duration
On demand
Cost
£50 for 6 months’ access
Website
www.oncopaedia.com/moodle/moodle/enrol/index.php?id=2
FRCR Clinical Oncology Preparation - F.O.R.O. (The Forum of Radiation Oncology)
A handy hour-and-a-half video filled with useful information covering all aspects of the FRCR exam, from revision resources to guidance a breakdown of the format of the exam.
The YouTube video can be found here.
How have the exams been affected by COVID-19?
Final FRCR are still taking place in person, but as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the availability of test centres has decreased. Currently, test centres are available in Belfast, Birmingham, Crewe, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Leeds, London and Bridgend Wales. For now, the only overseas test centres for the exam are India and Malta. For advice on preparation before applying for the exams, see the Royal College website here.
Consultant Posts and CESR
FRCR Oncology forms a key part of the application for international doctors looking to attain specialist registration in Clinical Oncology through CESR. For doctors with more senior level experience, this could also allow you to work as a locum consultant clinical oncology post, whilst you are not yet accredited as a specialist in the NHS.
#IMG Tips
Familiarise yourself with the exam content – the best way to do this is through the syllabus and curriculum
Prepare early – the earlier you begin your revision, the more structured and relaxed the entire process can be and the more likely you are to pass!
Join the IMG Connect study and support group – join the IMG Oncologists Facebook group for access to a community of like-minded FRCR (Oncology) aspirants and dedicated oncology recruiters.
In this group you will find tailored resources for oncology IMGs, including access to our FRCR (Oncology) crash courses, completely free to all doctors.
You can access our IMG Oncologists community here.
We hope this is helpful for any overseas doctors preparing to sit their Final FRCR exam and the team here at IMG Connect wish you the best of luck!
For news and updates on the Royal Collges, the GMC, finding work in the NHS and relocating to the UK, join us online:
The final exam in the FRCPath Histopathology series...
International specialists in histopathology, cellular pathology or anatomic pathology looking to secure a job in the UK via the postgraduate qualification route will need to obtain Fellowship of the Royal College of Pathologists or FRCPath Histopathology by examination only.
The completion of Part 1 and Part 2 of the Royal College of Pathology qualification for Histopathology results in eligibility for GMC registration (with the addition of the English language component). The FRCPath qualification is recommended for international pathologists looking to securing senior jobs in the NHS.
The exams can be taken by IMGs from all over the world, provided certain eligibility criteria have been met.
Here we’ll take a closer look into these and other important questions through the following topics - skip to one of these sections if you know what you're looking for:
An overview of FRCPath Histopathology
What is FRCPath Part 2?
Am I eligible to sit this exam?
How is the exam structured and marked?
As an international histopathologist, where can I sit the exam?
How much will the exam cost?
How do I apply for the exam?
What is the best way to prepare for the exam?
#IMG Tips
I’ve passed the FRCPath exams, what’s next?
An overview of FRCPath Histopathology
The FRCPath Histopathology exams are administered by the Royal College of Pathologists to test a doctor's knowledge and ability to apply this in the practice of histopathology within the scope of the Specialty Training Curriculum for Histopathology.
The exams are as follows:
FRCPath Part 1
FRCPath Part 2
To read more about the full FRCPath examination suite via out IMG resources, please click here.
Please note that only full FRCPath satisfies the requirements for GMC registration for overseas doctors taking the postgraduate route. Alternative routes to GMC registration include PLAB and licensing exams such as USMLE. You can find out more about alternative routes here.
For doctors who are interested in more senior roles in the NHS that are reflective of their current practice, we advise that FRCPath is the best route to take to GMC registration. Histopathology in the UK is consultant-led specialism; and many NHS job postings will have FRCPath as a requirement for doctors who are not on the Specialist Register. In most cases, and FRCPath qualification will help you to attain a locum consultant role.
What is FRCPath Part 2?
FRCPath Part 2 is the last exam in the FRCPath qualification. It is designed to recognise candidates who are close to the end of their training who can demonstrate an appropriate approach to independent practice. The assessment consists of six components which are take over a period of two days. The components include both written and face-to-face elements with an examiner where candidates are expected to demonstrate both clinical and practical knowledge as well as special techniques and complex diagnoses. Every section assesses a distinct set of professional skills which are all essential to effective performance ad an independent histopathologist and cytopathologist.
Am I eligible to sit this exam?
The FRCPath Part 2 Histopathology exam is open to candidates from every country, provided they have met certain criteria. This includes the expectation that most trainees will sit the Part 2 exam after at least 3 years of specialty training in Histopathology. There should also normally be a 12-month wait between passing the Part 1 exam and attempting Part 2.
For full details, please see the Royal College website here.
How is the exam structured and marked?
The six stations of FRCPath Part 2 are detailed below:
Surgical Histology
Format: 20 x 20 mins stations, 20 cases over 3 hours and 20 minutes.
This will include twenty cases presented in H&E stained slides in 20-minute slots over 3 hours and 20 minutes. The cases are selected according to a blueprint and include a balanced mix of neoplastic and non-neoplastic material, drawn from a wide range of organ systems. The cases will vary in difficulty from straightforward cases to cases not capable of diagnosis through a single H&E, prompting the use of further techniques and specialist opinions.
Cytopathology
Format: 8 x 20 mins stations, 16 cases
Eight non-gynaecological cases in pairs, in 20-minute slots and will be marked according to pre-determined criteria.
Macroscopic Pathology
Format: 2 x 20 mins stations, 4 cases; 20 mins discussion
Candidates will be provided with photos of 4 cases in the form of gross pathology specimens. Candidates will be provided with clinical information and asked to prepare responses to specific questions and mark on the photos where they would take blocks. There will be two 20-minute slots given to view two cases per slot, followed by a 20-minute discussion with two examiners. The exercise is designed for candidates to show their capabilities in discussing gross pathology and familiarity with block selection in relation to the RCPath Minimum datasets.
OSPEs
Format: 2 x 20 mins stations
The objective structured practical examination (OPSE) includes two 20-minute stations, one of which is a written exercise and the other is conducted face-to-face with two examiners. Topics may include management/ clinical governance type and MDT-type cases, amongst other topics.
Long Cases
Format: 4 x 20 mins stations
Four 20-minute stations of cases which cannot usually be covered by a single H&E section, requiring additional stains. These may include histochemistry, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, among other cases.
Frozen Sections
Format: 2 x 20 mins stations, 6 cases; 20 mins discussion
Six cases for review in two 20-minute stations where candidates should make notes, including a ‘bottom line’ diagnosis only, before discussing these with a pair of examiners in a face-to-face 20-minute station.
Exam marking
Each section of the exam is marked against a pre-determined specimen answer with a pass or fail awarded per section. Due to the importance of cellular pathology in medical practice, only a small margin of inaccuracy is allowed. Failure to distinguish across the benign/ malignant boundary (or other similar errors of equal significance in terms of affecting patient outcome) in 15-25% of cases in any section of the exam will result in a failure of the entire exam, regardless of performance in other areas with no leeway to compensate. Final marks will be approved by the Examinations Committee.
Candidates attempting the FRCPath Part 2 exam have four attempts within which to pass the exam, and 7-years between each sitting to pass the full qualification.
As an international histopathologist, where can I sit the exam?
The exam currently takes place twice a year in Spring and Autumn and are held in the UK and in one overseas centre in Irbid, Jordan.
For up-to-date information on exam centres, visit the Royal College website here.
How much will the exam cost?
The FRCPath Part 2 exam costs £1,416. A breakdown of the cost of the 2019 sitting of the exam can be found on the Royal College website here.
How do I apply for the exam?
Applications for each sitting of the exam open months in advance and are currently closed for the Autumn 2021 sitting. Applications for the Spring 2022 sitting will open in late 2021. Late applications are not accepted. Keep an eye on the Royal College website for up-to-date information on applications here.
What is the best way to prepare for the exam?
There are several resources available to help you prepare for your Histopathology FRCPath exam. As always, we recommend that the best starting point for your study is the Royal College website, particularly the Curriculum for Specialty Training in Histopathology. Your exam is based on this curriculum so familiarising yourself with it as soon as possible will give you the best chance for success.
Other helpful resources for your study include:
Regulations and guidelines – before applying for FRCPath exams, the College recommends you read both the general and specialty-specific regulations and guidelines, found below:
General Regulations and Guidelines
Histopathology Regulations and Guidelines
Social media study groups – there are multiple study groups available across different platforms such as Telegram, Facebook, and WhatsApp. IMG Connect hosts study groups for FRCPath Part 2 – these are forums that bring together international doctors from all over the world in one communicative, constructive, and moderated space for learning, sharing, and supporting international histopathologists.
If you are interested in joining the IMG Connect FRCPath Part 2 study group, please email info@imgconnect.co.uk to speak to our histopathology specialist and request your admission.
Online courses, videos and other resources - there are some great online courses and resources available to prepare for the FRCPath Part 2 exam. These include everything from full mock exams to mock exams targeting specific sections of FRCPath Part 2 and YouTube videos. You can find a full list of these here, through our IMG resources library.
FAQs - there is also a Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) document which the Royal College have compiled to help applicants who have questions about online examinations. You can read this here.
#IMG Tips
Prepare early – getting your revision going as soon as possible will help you avoid those last-minute cramming sessions and increase your chances of passing first time.
Speak to your senior colleagues and peers – there are so many study materials to choose from - who better to ask for recommendations than histopathologists who have been through the process or are going through it with you?
Food and drink – there are multiple stations on both days of the exams so make sure you’re prepared with lots of fuel for the day as there may be no access to food.
Hire a microscope – for applicants for the UK sitting, examination centres will not have microscopes for you to use so you will need to hire one in advance. There are a few companies who rent microscope and you can find these through a quick web search!
Join the conversation – for news and updates on all things histopathology for IMGs, click here follow IMG Connect on social media and join the conversation.
I’ve passed the FRCPath exams, what’s next?
Firstly, congratulations! The FRCPath exams are not easy so this is an incredible achievement. Once you have passed both passed of the FRCPath in Histopathology, your postgraduate qualifications satisfy the requirements for GMC registration. You can now apply for full registration with license to practice.
Get in touch with our IMG Connect histopathology specialist to discuss your options for specialist jobs in the UK or to find out more about where you fit into the NHS as a histopathology specialist with FRCPath.
FRCPath also plays a big part in the Certificate of Eligibility for Specialist Registration (CESR) application, the alternative route to the Specialist Register for overseas doctors who did not complete their training in an approved UK training programme. You can find out more about CESR in our guide for international doctors here.
The team at IMG Connect hope you find this article helpful and wish you the best of luck in your FRCPath Histopathology Part 2 exam!
Follow us on social media through the links below for regular news and updates on the Royal Colleges, relocating to the UK and working in the NHS:
FRCR (Oncology) Part 1 or CO1 is the first exam in the FRCR postgraduate qualification.
The completion of all the exams in the Fellowship of the Royal College of Radiologists (FRCR) examination suite leads to eligibility for GMC registration. The exams can be taken by IMGs from any country, provided certain criteria have been met. In this article, we’ll take a look at the following:
An overview of the FRCR (Oncology) exams
A deep dive into FRCR (Oncology) Part 1
How is the FRCR (Oncology) Part 1 exam structured?
How is the exam marked?
As an overseas oncologist, where can I sit the exam?
How much will the exam cost?
How do I apply for this exam?
What is the best way to prepare for the exam?
#IMG Tips
I’ve passed the FRCR (Oncology) Part 1 exam, what’s next?
Skip ahead to the relevant section if you know what you're looking for.
An overview of FRCR (Oncology)
FRCR (Oncology) is the set of postgraduate examinations administered by the Royal College of Radiologists to test a candidate’s knowledge and clinical understanding within the scope of the Specialty Training Curriculum for Clinical Oncology.
The exams are as follows:
Please note that only full FRCR satisfies the postgraduate requirements for overseas doctors.
You can read an overview of the full FRCR (Oncology) examination suite here via our IMG Resources section.
Alternative routes to GMC registration include PLAB or other recognised GMC qualifications or licensing exams, such as UMSLE or FRANZCR (radiation oncology) which you can find out more about here.
For doctors who are interested in securing senior roles in the NHS which are reflective of their current practice or grade, we advise that FRCR is the best route to take to GMC registration. FRCR is often a requirement for NHS locum consultant job postings where candidates are not already on the Specialist Register for Clinical or Radiation Oncology. The FRCR route allows senior candidates to better align their qualifications with the specifications of relevant jobs.
A deep dive into FRCR (Oncology) Part 1
FRCR (Oncology) Part 1 is the first in the set of FRCR (Oncology) exams. The assessment expects that candidates have a broad knowledge of subjects that relate to the investigation and management of patients with cancer.
This includes a good understanding of the sciences that underpin clinical oncology, including:
Radiobiology
Cancer biology (including molecular biology)
Physics (as applied to radiotherapy)
Pharmacology of systemic anti-cancer treatments
Medical statistics
You can find the full purpose of assessment for FRCR Part 1 on the Royal College website here.
FRCR (Oncology) Part 1 Structure
All three parts of the FRCR (Oncology) exam are assessed against the specialty training curriculum for clinical oncology and the clinical oncology syllabus. A new curriculum has been implemented as of summer 2021, and all trainees are expected to have transferred to this curriculum by August 2022. For more information on this, visit the curriculum webpages.
The First FRCR (Oncology) exam comprises four modules of 180 single best answer (SBA) questions.
Candidates can enter any number of modules per sitting, though there is a limit of six sittings per candidate within which they must pass all four modules.
Each individual SBA question has a stem (a question or statement) and five answers, and candidates must decide which of the five best represents the answer to the stem question. Essentially, this is a multiple-choice exam.
Here is a breakdown of the exam:
Cancer Biology & Radiobiology - the processes of cancer cell transformation and tumour development and how these processes may be demonstrated and the response to ionising radiation of cells both individually and grouped as tissues
Clinical Pharmacology - the structure, action, use and evaluation of drugs used in the treatment of a patient with cancer
Physics - with special reference to clinical trials and assessment of results, and the epidemiology of cancer
Medical Statistics - the application of physical principles and methods in clinical radiotherapy, physical basis of the therapeutic uses of radioactive isotopes, radiation hazards and protection
A knowledge of SI units is also expected.
Marking
The exam is marked by a computer, with one mark given for each correct answer and zero marks for incorrect answers. As the exam is not marked negatively, candidates are encouraged to provide an answer to all the questions. No marks are awarded where multiple answers have been selected or where answers are not sufficiently clear as the College does not interpret candidates’ answers.
Results and feedback
Candidates will receive details on scores and the level of performance required to pass each module. A further breakdown for each module will be provided, detailing incorrect questions numbers along with the corresponding syllabus section for each question.
For more information on the exam content and structure, read the guidance notes for candidates on the College website here.
Exam centres
The current venues for the First FRCR (CO1) exam are:
Belfast, Birmingham, Bridgend Wales, Crewe, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Leeds and London. Overseas centres for now are in Hong Kong, India and Malta.
The exam is typically held twice a year over two consecutive days, in February and either August or September.
For updates on exam dates, including the application window, keep an eye on the Royal College website here.
Exam cost
First FRCR (CO1) exam cost (per module):
Members - £168
Non-members - £213
Applications
UK trainees are given priority for examination places, followed by those who have had exams deferred over the last year due to cancellations. The remaining places are offered to all other candidates through a ballot system following the close of priority applications.
All candidates should apply for the exams through the Royal College website here.
FRCR (Oncology) Part 1 Preparation
Although there are many online materials to aid in your preparation for FRCR (Oncology) Part 1, as always, we recommend you start your preparation on the Royal College website, particularly with the Specialty Training Curriculum for Clinical Oncology and the Clinical Oncology syllabus.
In using these as a blueprint for your preparation, you will ensure your study is focused on the most relevant and useful information as prescribed directly from teaching materials.
Useful resources include:
Learning hub: available to members through the Royal College website and contains many useful learning resources and available here.
Implementation Tools: a range of tools compiled by the RCR to support the implementation of the new curricular which all candidates should have transferred to by summer of 2022 at the latest. This can be found here.
Sample Questions: sample SBA questions with answers which can be found here.
Examiners Reports: a guide for candidates for future sittings, based on the experiences of examiners with previous applicants, found here.
Speedwell instructional video: a walkthrough video of the FRCR Part 1 exam format with guidance and instructions which can be found on the College YouTube channel.
Suggested reading list: a suggested list of core texts and additional reading put together by the College which is available here.
For other great resources including videos, courses, and flashcards, check out our blog on preparation for the First FRCR (Oncology) exam here.
#IMG Tips
Prepare early – the best way to avoid stress and last-minute cramming is to get started as soon as possible.
Get familiar with the exam content – during your study (at least to start off with), the curriculum should be your guide to the FRCR (Oncology) exams.
Join the conversation – join the IMG Oncologists Facebook group for access to a community of like-minded FRCR (Oncology) aspirants and dedicated oncology recruiters.
In this group you will find tailored resources for oncology IMGs, including access to our FRCR (Oncology) crash courses, completely free to all doctors.
You can access our IMG Oncologists community here.
I’ve passed the First FRCR (Oncology) exam, what’s next?
Firstly, congratulations! This is an incredible achievement, and you deserve to treat yourself after all that hard work! With a pass in the First FRCR (Oncology) in hand, you can look ahead to the Final FRCR (Oncology) CO2A and CO2B exams. Once you have completed all parts of FRCR (Oncology), you can apply for full GMC registration with a license to practice.
The team at IMG Connect wish all First FRCR (Oncology) aspirants and IMGs the very best of luck with their exams!
MRCP Part 2 is the second of three exams to attain full MRCP UK.
This article is written for overseas doctors taking the MRCP route to GMC registration, written to help you prepare fir & sit the Part 2 examination. We consider the following topics:
What is MRCP Part 2?
Am I eligible to sit MRCP Part 2?
What is the exam content & format?
Where I can take the exam?
When is the exam sat and when can I apply?
How much does it cost?
How can I prepare for the exam?
Passed? What next?
What is MRCP Part 2?
Building on the knowledge assessed in Part 1, the exam tests your acquisition of a representative sample of medical knowledge, skills and behavior as specified in the UK Specialty Training Curriculum for Core Medical Training.
It is designed to test your application of clinical understanding and capacity to make clinical judgments, including:
prioritisation of diagnostic or problem lists
investigation planning
selection of a plan for immediate management
selection a plan for long-term management
assessment prognosis
Am I eligible to sit MRCP Part 2?
You are eligible if you have passed the MRCP(UK) Part 1 examination. A reminder that to be eligible for Part 1, you require 12 months experience and a recognised Primary Medical Qualification.
The Part 2 written examination moved to a single day format at the beginning of 2018. The new examination consists of two, three-hour papers each with 100 questions.
What is the examination format and content?
A good understanding of the examination format is a great foundation for your exam preparation, so below we have summarised the Royal College’s guidance on the Part 2 examination format and content.
Format:
The exam consists of two-papers, sat over the course of one day in an examination hall. Each paper is 3 hours in duration and contains 100 multiple choice questions in ‘best of five’ format (200 questions in total).
Composition of the papers are as follows:
Specialty
Number of questions *
Cardiology
19
Dermatology
9
Endocrinology and metabolic medicine
19
Gastroenterology
19
Geriatric Medicine
9
Hematology
9
Infectious diseases and GUM
19
Neurology
17
Nephrology
19
Oncology and palliative medicine
9
Ophthalmology
3
Psychiatry
3
Respiratory Medicine
19
Rheumatology
9
Therapeutics and toxicology
18
Total
200
*This should be taken as an indication of the likely number of questions – the actual number may vary by up to 2%. A proportion of the questions will be on adolescent medicine.
Question Content:
Questions are centred on the diagnosis, investigation, management and prognosis of a patient.
They usually have a clinical scenario and may include results of investigations and images such as:
clinical photographs
pathology slides
inheritance trees
ECGs, X-rays, CT and MR scans and echocardiograms.
In addition to testing core knowledge & comprehension, the exam assesses your ability to interpret information and solve clinical problems.
Best of Five question format and marking:
There will be five options: one correct answer and four alternatives to the correct answer.
The four distracters will be closely related to the preferred option but less correct, therefore acting as plausible alternatives.
Each correct answer is awarded one mark and there is no negative marking.
A more detailed explanation of the marking system used can be found here on the exam pass mark page of the Royal College website in MRCP(UK) Regulations.
Where can I take the exam?
MRCP(UK) Part 2 can be taken in the UK and overseas, see below:
*Please note these differ slightly from MRCP(UK) Part 1 examination centers
** UK test centres dependent on availability
Exam
UK Test Centres
Overseas Test Centres
MRCP(UK) Part 2
Edinburgh
Manchester
Newcastle
Glasgow
Belfast
Birmingham
Cardiff
London
Bahrain (Manama)
Bangladesh (Dhaka)
Egypt (Cairo)
Hong Kong
Iceland (Reykjavik)
India (Chennai, Kerela, Kolkata, Mumbai, New Delhi)
Iraq (Baghdad, Erbil)
Jordan (Amman)
Kenya (Nairobi)
Kuwait (Kuwait City)
Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur)
Malta
Myanmar (Yangon)
Oman (Muscat)
Pakistan (Karachi, Lahore)
Qatar (Doha)
Saudi Arabia (Jeddah, Riyadh)
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Sudan (Khartoum)
United Arab Emirates (Abu Dhabi, Dubai)
United States of America (New Jersey)
West Indies (Barbados, Jamaica, Trinidad)
When is the exam sat and when can I apply?
Exam dates and their application periods can be found here.
It is important to note that you must apply for each MRCP exam during the specified application period. Application made outside the designated period will not be accepted.
How much does the exam cost?
UK applications cost £419
International applications cost £594*
Please note, the application process and fees applicable for Hong Kong and Singapore centres differ. Applications should be made directly to the administration team for this centre.
How can I prepare for the exam?
With lots of resources available online, we have discussed with IMGs the best place to start looking for materials relating to the exams. Most IMGs recommended starting with the Royal College, who have created useful resources to help you to prepare for the exams. See below:
Curriculum: Applicants are tested on a range of common and important disorders in General Medicine as set out in the Joint Royal Colleges Specialty Training Curriculum for Core-Medical Training.
We recommend getting to know this as early as possible, using it as a road map for your study plan.
MRCP(UK) mock exams: We suggest registering for the MRCP mock exams here. These will provide you with the most accurate and relevant mock questions to prepare you for the real thing.
Sample questions: Test your knowledge using example questions from the current exam syllabus provided by the Royal College, found herePart 2 sample questions
For a useful overview of how to prepare for exams, including advice on study groups, online community support, best use of online resources & Royal College materials and courses - take a look at our blog: IMG Connects Top Tips for exam preparation.
Passed? What next?
Now you have passed your MRCP Part 2 you can apply to take PACES - the practical and final examination within the MRCP set of examinations.
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In this article we will explore the MRCP Part 1 exam in more detail, including advice on eligibility, dates, centres, preparation and fees.
Designed to help you prepare and sit the exams, we consider the following MRCP topics:
What is MRCP Part 1?
Am I eligible to sit MRCP Part 1?
What is the examination content & format?
Where can I take the exam?
When is the exam sat and when can I apply?
How much does the exam cost?
How do I apply?
How can I prepare for the exam?
Passed? What next?
What is MRCP (UK) Part 1 exam?
Part 1 is the entry-level examination accessible to doctors with a minimum of 12 months' postgraduate experience in medical employment. It covers a broad range of topics appropriate to physicians at the beginning of postgraduate training.
Part 1 is the first component of a sequence of assessments intended to match the progression of trainees undertaking the Core Medical Training programme in the UK, adding unique information and building on previous assessments
Am I eligible to sit MRCP (UK) Part 1 exam?
Trainees from any country in the world can sit the MRCP Part 1 Examination providing that they meet the eligibility requirements.
As an overseas candidate you are eligible to sit MRCP Part 1 if you have a GMC recognised Primary Medical Qualification and a minimum 12 months postgraduate experience in medical employment.
What is the examination content & format?
At IMG Connect we advise that understanding the examination format is a great foundation for exam preparation. We have summarised the Royal College’s guidance on the Part 1 Examination format below:
The exam consists of two papers, sat over the course of one day in an examination hall.
Each paper is 3 hours in duration and contains 100 multiple choice questions in ‘best of five’ format.
From the five options provided, one answer is correct. The other four are plausible however you will only score a point from the correct answer. There are no negative marks and questions do not include imagery.
MRCP (UK) Part 1 is designed to assess your knowledge and understanding of the clinical sciences relevant to medical practice and of common or important disorders to a level appropriate for entry to specialist training.
Candidates will be tested on a wide range of common and important disorders in General Medicine as set out in the JRCPTB Specialty Training Curriculum for Core Medical Training and the composition of the papers is as below:
Specialty
Number of questions *
Cardiology
15
Clinical haematology and oncology
15
Clinical Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology
16
Clinical sciences **
25
Dermatology
8
Endocrinology
15
Geriatric medicine
4
Gastroenterology
15
Infectious diseases and GUM
15
Neurology
15
Nephrology
15
Ophthalmology
4
Psychiatry
8
Respiratory Medicine
15
Rheumatology
15
Total
200
*This should be taken as an indication of the likely numbers of questions – the actual number may vary
** The clinical sciences components comprises the following:
Specialty
Number of questions *
Cell, molecular and membrane biology
2
Clinical anatomy
3
Clinical biochemistry and metabolism
4
Clinical physiology
4
Genetics
3
Immunology
4
Statistics, epidemiology and evidence-based medicine
5
A detailed explanation of the marking system adopted for the MRCP(UK) Part 1 Examination can be viewed in the MRCP(UK) Regulations.
Where can I take the MRCP Part 1 exam?
MRCP (UK) Part 1 can be taken in the UK and overseas as below:
Exam
UK Test Centres
Overseas Test Centres
MRCP Part 1
Edinburgh
Glasgow
London
Bahrain (Manama)
Bangladesh (Dhaka)
Egypt (Cairo)
Ghana (Accra)
Hong Kong
Iceland (Reykjavic)
India (Chennai, Kerala, Kolkata, Mumbai, New Delhi)
Iraq (Baghdad)
Jordan (Amman)
Kenya (Nairobi)
Kuwait (Kuwait City)
Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur)
Malta
Myanmar
Nepal (Kathmandu)
Oman (Muscat)
Pakistan (Karachi, Lahore)
Qatar (Doha)
Saudi Arabia (Jeddah, Riyadh)
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Sudan (Khartoum)
United Arab Emirates (Abu Dhabi)
United States of America (New Jersey)
West Indies (Jamaica, Trinidad)
Zimbabwe (Harare)
When is the exam sat and when can I apply?
It is important to note that you must apply for each MRCP exam during the specified application period. Applications made outside of the designated period will not be accepted.
Exam dates and their application periods can be found here.
How much does the exam cost?
UK applications cost £419
International applications cost £594*
Please note, the application process and fees applicable for Hong Kong and Singapore centres differ. Applications should be made directly to the administration team for this centre.
How do I apply?
Applications for all exams are made online via My MRCP(UK) account. You will simply need to create an account and submit evidence of your primary medical qualification, then make a payment online to confirm your application.
The application video from the Royal College can be found below:
Part 1 application video
The Royal College of Physicians recommends making the first attempt at Part 1 within 1-2 years of your graduation.
How can I prepare for the MRCP Part 1 exam?
With lots of resources available online, we have discussed with IMGs the best place to start looking for materials relating to the exams. Most IMGs recommended starting with the Royal College, who have created useful resources to help you to prepare for the exams. See below:
Curriculum:
Applicants are tested on a range of common and important disorders in General Medicine as set out in the Joint Royal Colleges Specialty Training Curriculum for Core Medical Training.
We recommend getting to know the curriculum as early as possible, using it as a road map for your study plan.
MRCP (UK) mock exams:
We suggest registering for the MRCP mock exams here. These will provide you with the most accurate and relevant mock questions to prepare you for the real thing.
Sample questions: Test your knowledge using example questions from the current exam syllabus provided by the Royal College, see below:
Part 1 sample questions
For a useful overview of how to prepare for exams, including advice on study groups, online community support, best use of online resources & Royal College materials and courses - take a look at our blog: IMG Connects Top Tips for exam preparation
Passed? What next?
If you are completing the papers in order, the next step will be to apply for Paper B. For more information take a look at our blog we will explore MRCP (UK) Paper B and everything that you need to know about how to sit the exam, including syllabus, dates, results, fees and preparation.
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Don’t hesitate to get in touch using the buttons above (and below) to discuss doctor job options in the NHS, including discussions regarding a typical doctor salary in the UK and the most suitable hospital locations for you.
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Passing any exam is not easy, passing the MRCEM OSCE examination, even more so.
In speaking with IMGs about their journey through the MRCEM OSCE exams, we have heard many thoughts about what it takes to pass. To help IMGs preparing to take the test, here we share some tips from past examinees and OSCE course tutors.
Firstly, it is good to know that every IMG taking the test is in the same position as you, perhaps anxious about how to prepare and worried about the exam day. We are told that the exam is just an ordinary day on the ward, so why then do so many excellent practicing EM physicians struggle to pass at first attempt?
It is perhaps important to say that we felt it was important to give advice from not just those IMGs who passed first time, but from those who had to learn from their mistakes and take the test a second or even third time.
In this article we take a broad look at some of the main reasons that good candidates have cited as contributing to their failure to pass.
The most common thing that we hear is that IMGs must adapt their skill set to the requirements of the NHS system as well as changing their mindset to be able to work under intense observation.
IMGs have told us that the main reasons they struggle are:
Nerves
Lack of practice
Lack of familiarisation with the test
Lack of understanding of the curriculum
Not being able to communicate effectively
Reading and deciphering the instructions
Anxiety
Experiencing anxiety during exams is completely natural and the fact that the OSCE stations are only 7 minutes adds to this in the Part C. The only way to combat exam anxiety is to accept that is both natural and inevitable. The best way to prepare and suppress the adrenergic surge is with practice, practice and more practice. The best way to practice is under exam conditions and if possible, this should be timed and observed by different examiners.
We are not of the opinion that this practice should be done last minute in the week before the exam, instead, your practice should start long before this point. Ask your senior colleagues in the ED to observe and comment upon your history taking and examination skills. If you can get into a routine of doing this with 3 to 5 patients per day you will be able to run through nearly all the most likely scenarios in only 12 shifts. Another great strategy is to teach OSCEs to the more junior doctors within the department. Teaching can be a powerful learning tool and has helped many aspirants with their revision.
Lack of practice
Make no mistake – the exam is very tough. Over 50% of candidates failed the 2016 sitting. Unless you are freakishly good at cramming you will need to set aside at least 3 months to prepare. IMGs will all study in different ways. Remember you have been through many exams all on your own. Whatever revision method works for you, stick to it. Once you know that you are going to study, make a revision plan and stick to it.
Practice in any way that you can. As above, be sure to ask senior colleagues to observe and offer feedback to you on a regular basis on the EM ward.
To practice out of work, form a small group of colleagues who are also taking the test and run through role plays, taking turns to be patient, doctor or examiner.
Pay careful attention to time keeping as it is very common for candidates to run out of time, particularly in history taking and communication skills stations.
Lack of familiarisation with curriculum
If you don’t know what you could be tested on, you won’t know what to prepare. The MRCEM OSCE is mapped to the competences of Year 1-3 of the Emergency Medicine 2015 Curriculum which is available on the 2015 Curriculum page. You should familiarise yourself with the Year 1-3 competences in preparation for sitting this examination.
Not being able to communicate effectively
Many IMGs have made the mistake of thinking that communication is only about what you say, not considering how you say it, and what you look like when you are saying it. Of course, you may be anxious, which can make you behave differently and say things differently. So, if you have practiced as above, make sure you incorporate practicing communicating not just focusing on what you say, but also your body language when saying it. Remember that between 70% of our communication is non-verbal!
Try to speak audibly and clearly and if at all possible, sit at the same level as the patient with an open posture. Attempt to make a connection with the patient, maintain good eye contact and give them your undivided attention. Treat actors and mannequins as if they are real patients, interact with them in the same way that you would on the EM ward.
Be direct and to the point but deliver any bad news in a sensitive and empathetic manner. Always check whether the patient has understood what you have said and ask if they have any questions.
Reading and deciphering the instructions
It is vitally important to read the instructions very carefully before entering a station. Easy marks are frequently lost by nervous or over-confident candidates that have overlooked key information or made assumptions by misreading. This is a mistake many IMGs have made, so learn from their mistakes and be sure to read everything carefully. Once read, make a plan of how you will approach the scenario. Once your minute is up… deep breath and smile!
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Many overseas doctors preparing for their FRCEM or MRCEM Emergency Medicine examinations wonder if they should take a course as part of their preparation.
In short, we advise that all IMGs should attend as many courses as possible. The knowledge gained on an MRCEM or FRCEM course goes well beyond the exam.
One issue is of course that courses cost a considerable amount of money, but if you consider that taking a course increases your chances exponentially of passing the examinations first time, the cost is offset by not having to pay to re-sit.
Finding courses can be tricky, so take some time to work out what you specifically need help with and the stage you are at in the process. Search online to find the course that will suit your needs the most.
Speak to your peers, some may have attended a course that they felt had a positive impact on the learning and preparation.
Once you think you have found a course that suits your needs, such as an MRCEM OSCE course, check reviews posted by other IMGs to be sure of the quality of the tutoring.
When purchasing the Emergency Medicine course, if you have found a course that suits your needs, has good reviews recommendations from your peers, then it will likely be worth the investment. As a direct result, you will likely pass the exams much quicker, helping you to secure the Emergency Medicine job that you want in the NHS.
If you need some advice on choosing an Emergency Medicine MRCEM or FRCEM course to help you on your journey to securing a job in the NHS, don’t hesitate to get in touch with IMG Connect.
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Here we’ll take a closer look at the second stage of your FRCEM success in the examinations – FRCEM Intermediate SAQ.
We’ll consider its purpose, structure and content, eligibility, dates, exam centers and provide some revision tips to give you the best chance of passing first time and moving closer towards full Membership of the Royal College of Emergency Medicine (MRCEM).
Designed to help you prepare and sit the exam, we consider the following topics:
What is FRCEM Intermediate Certificate?
Am I eligible?
Exemptions & equivalent examinations
Where can I take the exam?
How much will it cost me?
How can I prepare for the exam?
Passed? What next?
What is the FRCEM Intermediate SAQ?
The FRCEM Intermediate Certificate is the second examination in a series of three and is mapped to the Competencies of Year 1-3 of the Emergency Medicine 2015 Curriculum (ACCS Plus).
The FRCEM Intermediate SAQ comprises of a 3-hour paper of 60, 3-mark questions.
A full break down of the blueprint is found on the FRCEM Intermediate Regulations & Information Pack.
A summarised blueprint for the SAQ can be found below.
Curriculum Category
Questions
Common Competences
7
Clinical Presentations – Core Major & Acute Presentations
18
Anaesthetic Competences CT1&2
4
ICM within ACCS
2
Acute Presentations – Additional Adult ST3
6
Paediatric Presentations – Makor & Acute Presentations
11
Practical Procedures (ACCS)
12
Total
60
Am I eligible?
To be eligible you must hold a Primary Medical Qualification (PMQ) recognised by the GMC, have completed an equivalent to the UK Foundation Programme (Internship?) and have passed FRCEM Primary Examination after 1st August 2016.
You will also be eligible if you have been granted exemption from the FRCEM Primary as a result of obtaining MRCS or MRCSI after 1st January 2012.
MRCEM Part B in place of FRCEM Intermediate SAQ
MRCEM Part B passes obtained prior to August 2012 are deemed time expired, therefore you are required to pass the FRCEM Intermediate SAQ examination.
If you passed the MRCEM Part B examination after 1 August 2012 you are deemed to have passed an equivalent examination to the FRCEM Intermediate SAQ examination.
Where and when can I take the exam? And how much will it cost me?
Examination and application dates are regularly updated by the Royal College and can be found here.
Venues and Fees for both intermediate examinations are below:
Examination
Location
Fees
FRCEM Intermediate Certificate
SAQ
UK
£305
Iceland, Malaysia, Oman
£385
How can I apply?
All applications are made online.
Please note, the application can take some time to complete so it is always advisable to apply well in advance of the deadlines.
Applications submitted after the application period will not be accepted.
Links to all application forms and application windows are available here.
How do I prepare for each exam and what resources are available?
With lots of resources available online, we have discussed with IMGs the best place to start looking for materials relating to the exams. Most IMGs recommended starting with the Royal College, who have created useful resources to help you to prepare for the exams. See below:
Curriculum: Applicants are tested on a range of common and important disorders in Emergency Medicine as set out in the Emergency Medicine Training Curriculum 2015.
The examination is conducted in English and candidates are advised that IELTS Level 7 is the expected standard for completion of the FRCEM examinations. Remember, you will need to have a pass of 7.5 average in all areas of IELTS to complete your GMC registration.
Information Packs:
These provide detailed information for the relevant examination components so that you can best prepare for your studies and what to expect on the day.
You can download this here: FRCEM Intermediate
SAQ Blueprint:
The blueprint for the Intermediate SAQ exam can be found on page 8 of the FRCEM Intermediate examination pack, downloaded from the RCEM website here.
SJP Blueprint:
The blueprint for the new Intermediate SJP exam can be found on page 11 of the FRCEM Intermediate examination pack, downloaded from the RCEM website here.
Sample questions:
Test your knowledge using example questions from the current exam syllabus provided by the Royal College: Intermediate Certificate – sample SJP questions
Glossary of Terms:
The Royal College uses many terms that may cause confusion, so take plenty time to understand the terms and definitions using this guide.
Candidates are expected to be rigorous in their use of these terms.
Glossary of terms used in RCEM exams.
Examination Report:
The Royal College recently began to publish reports on the performance of those sitting FRCEM examinations. Below is the first report published and helps to break down results for those in training and those out of training.
2018 Examination report.
Online resources:
There are lots of resources online, such as videos on YouTube, FRCEM courses and useful reading materials. We think that these are a great addition to your study plan, just be sure to check your sources.
Passed? What next?
First of all, congratulations! After you have passed FRCEM Intermediate you can apply to sit the Final Examination. Take a look at our article on FRCEM Final Examination where we explore everything you need to know about how to sit the exam, including syllabus, dates, fees, results and preparation.
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The MRCEM and FRCEM Intermediate SBA exams are tough....
Success in these exams is a challenge and all Emergency Medicine doctors deserve credit for getting to this stage. Whether your passed or failed, here we'll offer some suggestions on what to do next:
I passed the MRCEM / FRCEM SBA exam
I didn't pass the MRCEM / FRCEM SBA exam
I passed the FRCEM / MRCEM SBA exam:
First things first, you deserve to celebrate and get some rest. No doubt you wherever you are, you are dealing with the coronavirus and will not be able to celebrate in the way that you would wish. But from us at IMG Connect, congratulations! Doctors who have attained full MRCEM and secured a job in the NHS tell us that the FRCEM SBA is a very tough examination, so well done! Your hard work has paid off.
Once you are feeling relaxed, this is a good time to think about what steps you need to take to complete full MRCEM. For most overseas doctors, this will mean taking the final MRCEM OSCE exam and whilst all OSCE centres are currently closed it takes most doctors at least six to nine months to prepare for the exam anyway.
So what is the MRCEM OSCE?
Like the intermediate exam, the MRCEM OSCE requires a considerable amount of revision and preparation. However, as you know the format is very different, so your preparation will change.
The MRCEM OSCE consists of 18 stations (16 patient encounters & 2 rest stations), each one lasting for about 7 minutes. The MRCEM OSCE exam will not only test your theoretical knowledge, but also your resus skills and communication skills. Even candidates who are working in an emergency medicine department (ED or ER) often find these OSCEs difficult. Even if you have strong background knowledge in Emergency Medicine the exams can still be tricky due to a heavy reliance on testing your communication skills and etiquette.
How to preparation for MRCEM OSCE?
Preparation is therefore vital for all doctors who intend to take the MRCEM OSCE exam. This can be broken down into the following:
Practical day-to-day work (colleague observations & feedback, peer groups, study groups)
Online revision resources (subscriptions, reading materials, tutorials, videos)
Courses (face to face, online)
In general, emergency medicine course tutors advise setting aside at least 2-3 months preparation in addition to your Emergency Medicine experience.
Resources, courses and revision materials:
We are often asked by Emergency Medicine doctors where they should look for resources, online revision materials, OSCE mock stations and preparation courses (online and face to face).
As such, we have compiled the best advice, tips, courses and resources suggested by Emergency Medicine doctors who have taken the MRCEM and FRCEM exams.
Where can I take the MRCEM OSCE exam?
Overseas doctors (IMGs) can sit the final MRCEM OSCE exam in three locations: the UK, India and Malaysia. However the Royal College has suspended all upcoming test dates and centres due to the COVID-19 coronavirus.
I did not pass the FRCEM SBA exam:
If you did not pass the FRCEM intermediate exam - don't worry! The overall pass rate is 35% which is roughly half of the MRCEM OSCE pass rate. This is a tough exam so don't worry too much, take some time out to relax and enjoy life. These moments where you don't succeed at the first, or second time, will only make you stronger and a better doctor in the long run. As the British say, chin up and strong upper lip!
At IMG Connect we've taken the time to prepare and collate the best preparation resources for the FRCEM Intermediate Certificate exam - we would be delighted to share these with you. Click on the buttons below to register with the IMG Connect team so we can talk you through this or request the FRCEM Intermediate resources to help you pass the next time - without fail!
If you have any questions about how to secure an NHS job in Emergency Medicine or prepare for the FRCEM Intermediate exam or MRCEM OSCE (including advice on dates, fees, courses, resources, mock scenarios, online materials and revision books) then don’t hesitate to get in touch with an IMG Consultant.
IMG Connect is keeping a very close eye on the examination schedule and will keep all our IMGs informed as soon as the College publishes some updates. You can find the updated exam schedule here.
However, this does not mean you cannot use the time to prepare for your OSCE!
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Overseas Haematologists wanting to secure a role in the UK via the postgraduate qualificaiton route will need to attain Fellowship of the Royal College of Pathologists or FRCPath in Haematology, a sub-specialty exam of FRCPath. FRCPath is the UK Royal College qualification and the recommended route for histopathologists looking to work in the UK as a specialist or consultant.
International Medical Graduates (IMGs) from any country in the world can sit the sub-specialty FRCPath in Haemotology examinations, provided certain eligibility criteria are met. These are summarised below along with a broad look at the following topics:
What is FRCPATH in Haematology?
Eligibility for overseas doctors
FRCPath Haematology structure and format
FRCPATH in Haematology Part 1
FRCPATH in Haematology Part 2
As an overseas candidate where can I take the exams and how much will they cost me?
How do I apply?
How to prepare and what resources are available?
Passed? What next?
What is FRCPath in Haematology?
Set against the Specialty Training Curriculum for Haematology, the examinations are designed to assess a trainee’s knowledge, skills and behaviours in field of Haematology. The exams recognise haematologists close to the end of their training who can demonstrate sufficient knowledge and technique for independent practice. In other words, completion of the full set of exams (Part 1 & 2) demonstrates your ability to work at consultant level.FFRCPath, along with MRCP(UK), is a mandatory requirement for Specialist Registration in Haematology. You can read our overview on MRCP(UK) here.
The FRCPath exam is split into 2 parts:
Part 1 – two written papers sat on the same day, comprised of essay and multiple-choice questions.
Part 2 – held over three days, the exams comprise of three written components and one oral examination
Eligibility for FRCPath in Haematology:
Below we outline the eligibility for overseas doctors looking to sit both FRCPath Haematology exams. For international candidates, the eligibility criteria for FRCPath specialty examinations can be a little confusing when looking online so IMG Connect spoke to the Royal College directly to clarify this.
Time spent in haematology training is stated as a requirement of eligibilty. The Royal College do consider equivalents to NHS training programmes though there is no definitive list of countries with accepted or unaccepted training programmes. The royal college advises you should speak to your Educational Supervisor or Sponsor (if you have one) who can advise you if you are ready or eligible to sit the Examinations if you are unsure. Remember, there are many overseas doctors applying for all parts of the FRCPath exams so don’t be put off applying!
Top Tip: If you have the required months training in a recognised programme in your country for Haematology specifically, the chances are you will be eligible.
Eligibility for Part 1: You are required to have trained in a recognised training programme in haematology for a period of no less than two years.
Eligibility for Part 2: The Royal College expects you to have at least three years of specialty training specific to Haematology in your own country before applying. Furthermore, you cannot sit Part 2 examination until 12 months after successfully completing Part 1.
Structure of FRCPath Haematology:
The exam is split into 2 parts with 5 individual examinations in total. This makes it one of the more complex examinations
Structure and content for FRCPath Haematology Part 1:
The exam is split into 2 parts with 5 individual examinations in total.
Part 1 comprises two written papers, Paper 1 (Essay Paper) and Paper 2 (MCP Paper)
Part 2 comprises three written papers, and one Oral exam
Part 1, Paper 1 (essay paper) – four essay questions each addressing an important area of laboratory or clinical practice in one of the four areas:
Blood transfusion
General haematology
Haematological oncology
Haemostasis & thrombosis
Part 1, Paper 2 (MCP paper) – 125 questions of both multiple choice and extended matching format. 50 questions will be best from five whilst 75 are extended matching and examines knowledge of:
blood transfusion 25%
general haemotology 25%
haematological oncology 25%
haemostasis & thrombosis 25%
Most questions are structured around clinical or laboratory vignettes and are designed to assess clinical judgement and ability to apply, rather than just recall knowledge. Questions map to the Haematology training curriculum. The blueprint from which the questions are developed can be found on the Royal College website.
Structure and content for FRCPath Haematology Part 1:
3 written papers and 1 oral examination as below.
Morphology SAQs
Morphology, Long cases
1.5 hour
1.5 hour
12 short answer questions
3 questions long answer
Transfusion
2-hour
10 questions
Coagulation
2-hour
8 questions
Oral Examination
1 hour
8 topics
The exam is held simultaneously over 3 days in the UK only and evaluates your knowledge, skills and clinical judgement in important areas within the Haemotology. The questions in the written papers adopt a short answer format which requires you to provide a concise response, these answers can be given in short words, phrases or lists.
Top Tip: A series of questions may relate to ‘clinical vignette’ building on case information. Clinical vignettes are patient related cases and scenarios that have educational value for a wider audience.
Morphology - SAQs: This section is up to 12 questions answered in 1 hour 30 minutes. Each question requires you to examine 1-2 of either of the following:
microscope slides
flow cytometry plots
additional laboratory data
quality assurance
Morphology - Long cases: This sections comprises 3 questions answered in 1 hour 30 minutes. Each question will provide a case history and contains several parts which require either:
Interpretation of slides, lab results or other clinical investigations
Provide a report and make diagnosis
Recommend clinical investigations and interventions
Transfusion: This section consists of 10 questions answered in 2 hours. Each question will provide a case history or lab results requiring you to:
Interpret data
Make diagnosis
Recommend further investigation or treatment
Coagulation: This section consists of 8 questions answered in 2 hours. Each question will provide a case history or lab results requiring you to:
Interpret data
Make diagnosis
Recommend further investigation or treatment
Oral Examination: The oral examination assesses your ability to evaluate problems and demonstrate good clinical judgement whilst assessing your ability to communicate clearly and effectively. The exam covers 8 topics over 1 hour, with two 30-minute oral exams with two pairs of examiners.
First Exam - 2 topics in coagulation & 2 topics in transfusion medicine
Second Exam - 2 topics in general laboratory haematology & 2 topics in haematological oncology
Where can I take the exams and how much will they cost me?
FRCPath in Haematology - Part 1: In Spring 2021, the Part 1 examination will be offered using online delivery to candidates. This means you can take the exam remotely and will not need to travel overseas to sit the exam, or attend an examination centre. The College will deliver the written components of these examinations through a company called TestReach, the Oral components (including oral OSPE stations) will be delivered using a video-conferencing platform such as Zoom or Microsoft Teams and for the written examinations, candidates will be given the opportunity to trial the TestReach system to familiarise themselves with it ahead of the examination. You can read more about the new, remote examination process further here on our website. Previously, the Part 1 examination was sat in multiple overseas centres and once the pandemic is under better control globally, it is highly anticipated the Royal College will return to previous set-ups.
The FRCPath Part 1 exam costs £622. You can see how the Royal College breaks down the cost here on their website.
FRCPath in Haematology - Part 2: Haematology Part 2 is one of the few exams that can be sat overseas. Availability of overseas Part 2 examination centres will be indicated on the website and candidates should contact the Examinations Department to express their interest in taking the examination in the available centre. In 2021 no overseas Part 2 examinations will take place in the Spring session, and it is highly unlikely an overseas centre will be available for Haematology in 2021.
The FRCPath Part 2 exam costs £1,308. You can see how the Royal College breaks down the cost here on their website.
How do I apply?
Applications must be made via the Royal College of Pathologists website, with applications only available once an application window is opened by the Royal College.
How to prepare and what resources are available?
With lots of resources available online, we have discussed with consultants the best place to start looking for materials relating to the exams. Most recommended starting with the Royal College, who have created useful resources to help you to prepare for the exams.
Curriculum: The content of the exam is set against the Haematology Training Curriculum. We recommend getting to know the curriculum as early as possible and using it as a road map for your study plan.
Regulations and Guidelines: Before applying for FRCPath examinations, the Royal College recommends you read both the General & Specialty Specific regulations and guidelines:
General Regulations and Guidelines
Royal College - Haematology Regulations & Guidelines
Past papers: Test your knowledge using example questions from the current exam syllabus provided by the Royal College, see below:
Part 1 – six past papers
Part 2
MCQ/EMQ
Blueprint for MCQ Examination: The blueprint from which the MCQ questions are developed..
British Society of Haematology guidelines: Compulsory reading material for exams and day-to-day clinical practice. Make sure to read them, understand them and know the recommendations made in bold. Be aware that the guidelines are a few years old and imminently due for review.
British Society for Haematology educational resources: Click here for the British Society for Haematology edcuational resources. Morphology image bank, case reports, practice essay questions, EMQs, MCQs and tutorials. Signup and login required but you don’t need to be a member to make use of the BSH’s bank of essay questions, MCQs and EMQs
Blood Journal: How I treat articles: Click here for easy-to-read helpful overviews of most haematological conditions
Ihaematology.com: http://www.ihaematology.com/ is a great revision site created by previous candidates.
Haembase: Click here for Haembase. This is a general revision resource for those preparing for FRCPath examinations
Our on-the-day exam advice:
Part 2 – food and drink: With multiple exams taking place for Part 2 in one day bring supplies! It will be a long day and there may not be access to food.
Hiring a microscope: For Part 2 you will be required to sit examinations in the UK and will require a microscope. The examination centres will not provide equipment for any applicants so you will need to hire a microscope in advance. There are a few companies easily accessible through a web search, find a microscope and book well in advance of the exam. You can arrange for the company to drop off and pick up the microscope from the exam centre, don’t worry!
Top Tip: At IMG Connect we recommend speaking to anyone you know who has sat and passed the exam and get their personal hints and tips. We would also be happy to help you arrange anything you need for the exam day.
I passed the FRCPath Heamatology exams! What next?
First of all, congratulations! After you have passed all parts of FRCPath Haematology you can apply for a full registration with a license to practice. Once the GMC have approved your application, you can work as a doctor in the UK and given the high standards of the FRCPath Haematology examinations, you will most likely be eligible to practice as a consultant in the NHS.
Overseas Microbiologists wanting to secure a job in the UK via the postgraduate qualificaiton route will need to attain Fellowship of the Royal College of Pathologists or FRCPath in Medical Microbiology, a sub-specialty exam of FRCPath.
International Medical Graduates (IMGs) from any country in the world can sit the sub-specialty FRCPath in Medical Microbiology examinations, provided certain eligibility criteria are met. These are summarised below along with a broad look at the following topics:
What is FRCPATH in Medical Microbiology?
Eligibility for overseas doctors
FRCPath in Medical Microbiology structure and format
FRCPath in Medical Microbiology: Part 1
FRCPath in Medical Microbiology: Part 2
As an overseas candidate where can I take the exam and how much will it cost me?
How do I apply?
How to prepare and what resources are available
Passed? What next?
What is FRCPath in Medical Microbiology?
Set against the Medical Microbiology incorporating CIT curriculum, the examinations act as an early assessment of your understanding of the scientific basis of medical microbiology, virology and infectious diseases. The exams recognise microbiologists close to the end of their training who can demonstrate sufficient knowledge and technique for independent practice. In other words, completion of the full set of exams (Part 1 & 2) demonstrates your ability to work at consultant level.
The examinations are split into two parts:
Part 1 – single 3-hour paper with Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)
Part 2 – four paper examination sat over two days
Eligibility for overseas doctors:
Below we outline the eligibility for overseas doctors looking to sit both FRCPath Microbiology exams. For international candidates, the eligibility criteria for FRCPath specialty examinations can be a little confusing when looking online so IMG Connect spoke to the Royal College directly to clarify this.
Time spent in microbiology training is stated as a requirement of eligibilty and the Royal College do consider equivalents to NHS training programmes though there is no list of countries with accepted or unaccepted training programmes. The royal college advises you should speak to your Educational Supervisor or Sponsor (if you have one) who can advise you if you are ready or eligible to sit the Examinations if you are unsure. Remember, there are many overseas doctors applying for all parts of the FRCPath exams so don’t be put off applying!
Top Tip: If you have the required months training in a recognised programme in your country for Histopathology specifically, the chances are you will be eligible.
Eligibility for Part 1: You are required to have trained in a recognised training programme in microbiology for a period of no less than 12 months.
Eligibility for Part 2: You must have passed the Part 1 examination and have had at least 3 years microbiology training in a recognised training programme in your country.
FRCPath Part 1 in Microbiology - structure and format:
The exam focuses in particular on the scientific basis of virology, microbiology and infection. The exam is set against both the medical microbiology and virology curriculum. It is a single three-hour objective MCQ examination, with computerised marking sat over one one day. Questions are in two formats:
One-best answer
Extended-matching-question
FRCPath Part 2 in Microbiology - structure and format:
Part 2 consists of four paper examinations sat over two days. The exam will be ‘closed book’ (i.e. NO textbooks, manuals, other written material or equipment
belonging to candidates may be used). Only reference material provided by the examiners may be used. These are as follows:
Paper 1 – two parts, 2.5 hours in total:
One essay from a choice of two questions, usually including laboratory management issues, antimicrobial stewardship, infection prevention or a combinatino of all.
One SAQ paper focused on clinical scenarios, infection prevention, laboratory practice and safety.
The essay is allocated one third of available marks for this paper. A closed marking scheme is used for the essay question.
Top Tip: A brief vignette with interpretation of clinical, laboratory or infection control data is a common format for SAQs.
Paper 2 - two parts, 2.5 hours in total:
Critical appraisal of a journal article
SAQ paper with similar content as Paper 1
The journal article is allocated one third of available marks for this paper
Paper 3 – one part in laboratory scenarios, 3 hours in total
Complex clinical and laboratory scenarios in microbiology and infection prevention.
Top Tip: Questions cover similar content to Paper 1&2 SAQs though the question format is longer, allowing for progression within each scenario to reflect evolving information encountered in clinical practice. Clinical and laboratory data and images may be presented, however there will be no practical manipulation of laboratory material.
Paper 4 – one part, 3 hours in total
Objective Structured Pathology Examination (OSPE) format.
Comprises of 15 stations, each of 9 minutes duration with variable rest stations.The exam allows for broad sampling of the curriculum and involves two face-to-face stations with a pair of examiners. The OSPE facilitates assessment of knowledge, application of knowledge, laboratory skills, and communication in scenarios encountered by microbiologists in clinical practice.
Pass criteria for FRCPath Microbiology Part 2 Exams:
In order to achieve an overall pass, you must achieve a pass in both combined scores for:
Papers 1+ 2
Papers 3 + 4
Failure of either of the two components will result in an overall fail. If you fail either of these two components, an overall fail result will be obtained and the entire examination will need to be taken at a future date. In other words, you cannot carry forward a pass in any part of the exam into subsequent sittings.
Where can I take the exams and how much will they cost me?
FRCPath in Medical Microbiology - Part 1:
In Spring 2021, the Part 1 examination will be offered using online delivery to candidates. This means you can take the exam remotely and will not need to travel overseas to sit the exam, or attend an examination centre. The College will deliver the written components of these examinations through a company called TestReach, the Oral components (including oral OSPE stations) will be delivered using a video-conferencing platform such as Zoom or Microsoft Teams and for the written examinations, candidates will be given the opportunity to trial the TestReach system to familiarise themselves with it ahead of the examination. You can read more about the new, remote examination process further here on our website. Previously, the Part 1 examination was sat in multiple overseas centres and once the pandemic is under better control globally, it is highly anticipated the Royal College will return to previous set-ups.
The FRCPath Part 1 exam costs £622. You can see how the Royal College breaks down the cost here on their website.
FRCPath in Medical Microbiology - Part 2:
Currently it can only be sat in the UK. Availability of overseas Part 2 examination centres will be indicated on the website and candidates should contact the Examinations Department to express their interest in taking the examination in the available centre. In 2021 no overseas Part 2 examinations will take place in the Spring session, and it is highly unlikely an overseas centre will be available for Microbiology in 2021.
The FRCPath Part 2 exam costs £1,308. You can see how the Royal College breaks down the cost here on their website.
How do I apply?
Applications must be made via the Royal College of Pathologists website, with applications only available once an application window is opened by the Royal College.
How to prepare and what resources are available?
With lots of resources available online, we have discussed with consultants the best place to start looking for materials relating to the exams. Most recommended starting with the Royal College, who have created useful resources to help you to prepare for the exams.
Below we have included resources available through the Royal College and a few other resources recommend by doctors that have passed.
Curriculum: The content of the exam is set against the Curriculum for Specialty Training in Medical Microbiology. This curriculum incorporates the Combined Infection Training developed in conjunction with the Joint Royal Colleges of Physicians Training Board. Part A is set against both the medical microbiology and virology curriculum.
TOP TIP: We recommend getting to know the curriculum as early as possible and using it as a road map for your study plan. This advice comes directly from one of the RCPath examiners/
Regulations and Guidelines: Before applying for FRCPath examinations, the Royal College recommends you read both the General & Specialty Specific regulations and guidelines:
General Regulations and Guidelines
Royal College - Medical Microbiology Regulations & Guidelines
Past papers: Test your knowledge using example questions from the current exam syllabus provided by the Royal College:
Medical Microbiology and Virology - Part 1 MCQ & EMQ
Medical Microbiology Part 2 – OSPE
Medical Microbiology Part SAQ
Medical Microbiology Part 2 – Paper 3
Medical Microbiology Part 2 – Essay
Medical Microbiology Part 2 - Journal
On-the-day Exam Advice:
Part 2 – food and drink: With multiple exams taking place for Part 2 in one day bring supplies! It will be a long day and there may not be access to food.
Hiring a microscope: For Part 2 you will be required to sit examinations in the UK and will require a microscope. The examination centres will not provide equipment for any applicants so you will need to hire a microscope in advance.
There are a few companies easily accessible through a web search, find a microscope and book well in advance of the exam. You can arrange for the company to drop off and pick up the microscope from the exam centre, don’t worry!
Top Tip: At IMG Connect we recommend speaking to anyone you know who has sat and passed the exam and get their personal hints and tips. We would also be happy to help you arrange anything you need for the exam day.
I passed the FRCPath Medical Microbiology exam! What next?
First of all, congratulations! After you have passed all parts of FRCPath in Medical Microbiology you can apply for full registration with a license to practice. Once the GMC have approved your application, you can work as a doctor in the UK.
Searching for Medical Microbiology & Virology jobs in the NHS could not be easier
If you want to find out more about the many different Microbiology roles available within the NHS - it only takes a minute to register with IMG Connect and receive expert advice and representation. We have helped many overseas Medical Mircobiologists secure consultant, specialty doctor, registrar, clinical fellow and staff grade NHS jobs, whilst offering expert guidance to many more IMGs on NHS doctor pay, FRCPath exams and English language testing. We’d be happy to help you!